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Hindustan Q Taqsim Hua ہندوستان کیوں تقسیم ہوا ؟ Anees Sheikh1857 23 1940 16 1946 1871 ISBN 9786273003245 Pages 724
مصنف و محقق انیس شیخ کی تصنیف ہندوستان کیوں تقسیم ہوا ؟مطالعہ کے لئے پیش خدمت ہے ، یوں تو آپ نے تحریک پاکستان کے موضوع پرکئی کتابیں پڑھی ہوں گی مگر مصنف نے اس کتاب میں صرف ان تاریخی حقائق کو بیان کیا ہے جو ہندوستان کی تقسیم کا سبب بنے۔
ہندوستان اور پاکستان میں پاکستان مخالف بیانیہ یہ ہی ہے کہ انگریزوں نے سازش کی اور ہندوستان کو تقسیم کرکے پاکستان بنوا دیا ، مسلم لیگ کی قیادت اور خاص طور پر قائد اعظم محمد علی جناح کے حوالے سے ایک مخصوص بیانیہ سننے اور پڑھنے کو ملتا ہے ، تو کیا ہندوستان کی تقسیم اتنی سادہ ہے کہ انگریزوں نے سازش کی اور پاکستان بن گیا ؟مصنف نے انہی عوامل کی تحقیق کی کہ آیا تاریخی حقائق کیا ہیں ؟
مصنف نے 1857 کے بعد مسلمانوں کے سیاسی ، معاشی ، مذہبی حالات، انڈین نیشنل کانگریس اور مسلم لیگ اور تحریک خلافت کے قیام ، مسلم لیگ ، تحریک خلافت اور دیگر مسلم رہنماؤں کی جانب سے ہندو مسلم اتحاد کی اتنہائی کوششیں اور ان کی ناکامی، اور اسی دور میں ہندوستان کے مسلمانوں کی جانب سے موہن کا کرم چند گاندھی کو ہندوستان کی سیاست میں ہندوستان کا اہم رہنما بنانے میں جو کردار ادا کیا ہے وہ تاریخ کا اہم باب ہے ۔
مصنف نے تاریخی حقائق کو روشنی میں اس تاثر کو سختی سے مسترد کیا کہ جس میں کہا جاتا ہے کہ محمد علی جناح نے پہلی مرتبہ دو قومی نظریہ 23 مارچ 1940 کو اپنایا ، نیز اس دعوے کو بھی رد کیا ہے کہ ہندوستان کی تقسیم کا محرک صرف 16 اگست 1946 کو ڈائریکٹ ایکشن ڈے کو قرار دیا جائے ۔
مصنف نے ہندوستان کے تقسیم کی تقسیم کا آغاز نہرو رپورٹ سے قرار دیا ، مصنف نے ہندوستان میں فسادات کا ذکر تفصیل سے کیا جو 1871 سے جاری تھے ، مصنف نے ان علاقوں کے فسادات کا خاص طور پر ذکر ہے جو آج انڈیا یا بنگلہ دیش کا حصہ ہیں اور پاکستان کے علاقوں میں پنجاب اور صوبہ فرنٹیئر میں ہندو مسلم اور سکھوں کے فسادات کو تفصیل سے بیان کیا ہے۔
مصنف نے اپنی تحقیق اور موضوع کو مظبوط بنانے کے لئے اخبار اور تاریخی دستاویزات کی زیادہ مدد لی ہے، تمام تاریخی واقعات کو سال بہ سال ترتیب سے پیش کیا گیا ہے ، جس سے قاری کو تسلسل کے ساتھ حالات و واقعات کو سمجھنے میں آسانی ہوتی ہے ۔
تاریخ سے دلچسپی رکھنے والے افراد کے لئے اس کتاب میں اتنا کچھ ہے کہ وہ کتاب کو مکمل پڑھے بغیر مطمئن نہیں ہوں گے ۔
ISBN 9786273003245
Pages 724
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4.1 ★★★★★
Based on 2288 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Sony STR-DH190 is an Amazing Deal. Don't pass it up.
Style: Stereo Receiver, Configuration: Receiver
I bought my STR-DH190 receiver to put in my "man cave" pool room. I respect SONY products, but I realized this 2-channel stereo receiver was a budget item, seemingly so inexpensive it must just be an entry-point-only receiver. I was shocked by its quality, sturdy construction, versatility and audiophile sound. It has Bluetooth connectivity, and a phono input for turntables. I hooked up a CD player, turntable, reel-to-reel, cassette deck, iPod, sub woofer and two sets of high end bookshelf speakers. The fronts are SONY Sscs5 3-Way 3-Driver Bookshelf Speakers. The rears are Polk. The sound is shocking, and everyone who hears it can't believe how it rocks. Now that this receiver is actually on sale at almost a "give-away" price, I'm tempted to buy another one as a backup in case one of my other systems needs a replacement receiver. It is Bluetooth ready, so I pair an Echo Dot with it for streaming. It is an amazingly versatile and reliable product. Highly Recommended.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 9, 2025
★★★★★ 4
Quite Good, but maybe lacking a few inputs, Optical Audio and AM radio
Style: Stereo Receiver, Configuration: Receiver
Very basic, but seems to be the usual good quality Sony product. I bought this when my decades-old SOny receiver finally bit the dust.
This receiver, at a decent price is a LOT more basic than my decades-old earlier receiver. That receiver had multiple inputs-many which I didn't use but were there for audiophiles all the same. Things like inputs for DAT, inputs for MD audio. analog videos in and out, Super video in and out, Component video, standard cassette deck, phono, component video (multiple), DVD in and out, component video, and more audio channel options I can't even remember. And as old as this receiver was it actually had Optical audio as well! I REALLY wanted to replace that old receiver with the exact same thing. albeit the modern model but that doesn't exist.
SO I bought this one.
Take a look and you'll see very few inputs, but oddly it had all the ones I actually needed for my old set-up-with NO extras though. I'm kind of shocked that this receiver doesn't even have the Optical audio which is kind of a standard now for modern TVs and I had to actually buy a cheap little 'converter box' which takes the optical cable and converts the digital audio into the standard RCA analog audio and I plug that into one of the available inputs in the receiver so that I can play my TV sound through the receiver/stereo system. I'm still kind of shocked that this receiver doesn't have that Optical, that would be the first thing i'd add to really make this a bargain and much more desirable.
So I had to have a receiver for my old cassette deck, phono, etc. and standard CD player as well as DVD/Blu Ray audio sound (as concert DVDs don't sound too good on the standard speakers which come with modern TVs. So i've used EVRY input in this new unit and I really couldn't have bought it if it had a single less input.
So in addition to having an input for Optical audio the other thing I wished it had was a receiver for AM radio, even if AM isn't too popular anymore.
So maybe the lack of the Optical audio, additional inputs for other sources and no AM radio is the reason why this receiver is so reasonably priced, but well, i'm happy with it all the same.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 27, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Great product
Style: Stereo Receiver, Configuration: Receiver
This is a great basic receiver. It's very easy to understand, setup and operate. This receiver sounds excellent and includes Bluetooth so I can stream Apple Music and Spotify to the receiver. My only negative comments would be that the speaker connections are the spring-loaded terminals which require thin gauge speaker wires or Flex Pin Banana Plugs. Also, you should be aware the FM Antenna (provided) is a wire antenna utilizing a strange plug-in adapter. It was perfectly adequate for what I needed however I think it could be an issue if you were in a remote area that required a mast antenna.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 9, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Shockingly Great: Do Not Be Skeptical Of The Ultra Low Price
Style: Stereo Receiver, Configuration: Receiver
Do not allow the extremely low price on this Sony STRDH 190 stereo receiver to in any way prejudice you against considering it as a wonderful entry-level stereo receiver. I have purchased thousands of products on Amazon over the past 25 years, and I cannot think of any item that pleasantly surprised me more profoundly than this one. I also purchased the matching (style) Sony turntable PS-LX310BT which works perfectly with the STRDH 190 receiver.
Sony's lowest priced receiver now sells for the astounding bargain price of only around $200, though I caught it on sale for closer to $150... and as impossible as this is the believe, it has in recent years gone on sale for as little as $99(!) I have no idea how Sony makes a profit at these price levels.
Now I know, most people would think, "there is just no way a $200 receiver is high quality"... but I am telling you, that is dead wrong in this case, and you should prepare to be blown away by what you get at this crazy low price point.
This is NOT a no frills unit. It is feature packed.
It has connections for TWO PAIR (four total) speakers, and PLENTY of clean no-distortion power to drive all four speakers to loud and clear volume levels. It also has an A/B speaker switch to play through speaker set A, or speaker set B, or all four speakers at once.
It has a phono stage pre-amp which is actually very good. Seriously, it is much better than the phono stage pre-amp built into my Emotiva integrated amp for which I paid $1,000. It plays vinyl loud with no distortion. You will NOT need an external phono pre-amp.
It has excellent Bluetooth wireless connectivity built in... no trouble getting it to instantly recognized sources and play them perfectly. You can play all the music on your iPhone or other digital device, wirelessly.
It has a huge allotment of extra connections, ... a whopping FOUR inputs... so you can also hook up a CD player, and another external device of your choice, and another one after that, and another one after that! (WOW). And that's is not counting your PHONO input which is actually a fifth input connection. Astounding accommodation of external sources at this (or almost any) price point.
If you are a dinosaur who listens to FM ... it's got an FM receiver with 30 station presets, and an output to hook up a proper external FM antenna, and a long-wire FM antenna is included in the package
Sony says the "HiRes" audio produced by this unit is "superior to CD quality"... though I am not sure how to measure that claim, especially if the extrnal source you are using is a CD player.
It comes with a very high quality remote control, with real buttons, and many features.
You can actually program each of your external sources to appear in the illuminated display as the specific names you want, rather than a generic default source name like "CD".
The low price may raise an eyebrow, and the fairly light weight (much heavier on one side than on the other curiously) nature of the unit may also cause doubt... but only until you set it up and start listening, and your jaw drops.
I would put this sub-$200 receiver up against any receiver on the market priced under $800, (and probably several of them priced at twice that much!) and I believe you will not be disappointed in the sound quality of Sony's entry-level unit. You certainly will NEVER find another receiver anywhere near this price point with so many features and inputs... all of which work flawlessly.
This is the greatest bargain in the world of affordably-priced HiFi equipment.
It is easily worth multiple times the asking price.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 18, 2025
★★★★★ 5
Overall Excellent - Thorough Review - READ ME
Style: Stereo Receiver, Configuration: Receiver
I'm not an audiophile per se, but I do have elevated listening preferences. I enjoy finding the value in devices, and system configs. So that's the reason I tried this more budget-friendly receiver.
Aesthetics: The look is very sleek and modern, which is great but sometimes I miss the nostalgia of more knobs. There is no base/treble knob and most everything is controlled by remote. That's fine I suppose, just be aware. The volume knob is very large and traditional which I love, but is also very stiff and not buttery smooth like you might expect. Perhaps that will break-in.
Sound Quality: Wow, this sounds incredible. There is definitely a DSP happening that is noticeably awesome. It's referred to by Sony as Pure Direct. If you want to by-pass this, you can, but you'll hear right away the difference is major. I'm using simple Klipsch bookshelf speakers, and my expectations are surpassed on how much they come to life with bright and rich sound. Definitely a nice pairing for those shopping for speakers along with this unit. Overall the SQ is gonna be tough to beat without spending exponentially more.
Remote: The remote is nice, sleek, and has what you need to quickly access. No complaints there.
Installation: Takes minutes, super easy. Didn't follow any instructions due to my general confidence hooking up home audio gear.
Overall: I highly recommend this one, and I'm picky. Initially, I fully expected to return this receiver, but plan to keep it. The only thing that may change my mind, is if I miss the nostalgia... then I'll have to go vintage. But no way a vintage receiver will sound this good. Props to Sony. Well done :)
A+
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Reviewed in the United States on January 18, 2024